Rip v2, eigrp, ospf, bgp v4, and isis routing protocols routing protocols job is to maintain routing tables. Configure ospf in two routers and check adjacency state, routing table and lsdb. Rip minimizes the number of hops of each path, where each pointtopoint link or lan constitutes a hop. Ospf is an open standard protocol, you learn more why we use ospf and ospf quiz from here. Border gateway protocol bgp the network traffic is forwarded along the desired paths during the process of routing. Routing protocols consist of communication primitives that are used explicitly. Ospf routes have an administrative distance is 110. To include spaces in the name, enclose the entire name in double quotation marks. Rip routing information protocol is one of the oldest routing protocols in service, whereas ospf open shortest patch first serves as the most widely adopted igp for large enterprise networks. Ospf uses areas to simplify administration and optimize traffic and resource utilization. There are a lot of different routing protocols, each one designed for specific network sizes. The rip and ospf are two interior gateway protocols igp that intensively used in computer networks to specify the best routes for data transmission.
Rfc 1142 osi isis intradomain routing protocol february 1990 david oran, editor page 1 introduction this protocol is one of a set of international standards produced to facilitate the interconnection of open systems. Unicast routing protocols for wireless ad hoc networks. This module describes how to configure open shortest path first ospf. Isis routes have an administrative distance is 115. Rip tutorial basic operation of rip protocol learn how rip routing information protocol works and updates routing table from broadcasts message step by step. Difference between ospf and bgp with comparison chart. Every router within an as knows how to get to each asbr with its as. Routing protocol is ospf 1 outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set. Ospf has introduced new concepts such as authentication of routing updates, variable length subnet masks vlsm, route summarization, and so forth. Unfortunately, this is not always possible, making multi protocol environments common. This ospf lab is created in packet tracer and you will learn the ospf single area configuration from this lab. Need to create ospf routing process router configuration command.
The distributelist commands are supported in ospf but work differently than distancevector routing protocols such as routing information protocol rip and enhanced interior gateway routing protocol eigrp. Learn ospf configuration commands, ospf show commands, ospf network configuration process id, network id, wild card mask and area number and ospf routing in detail. The ospf protocol is based on linkstate technology, which is a departure from the bellmanford vector based algorithms used in traditional internet routing protocols such as rip. Routing protocols are used to exchange reachability information between routers. Ospf uses cost as its metric, which is computed based on the bandwidth of the link. By collecting connectivity information from all of the devices on the network, ospf. The router ospf command enables ospf routing on the router, and the 1 before osfp is the process id of the osfp protocol. I will break out each protocol into a separate post in order to help keep things straight, putting them all together has the potential to get confusing for both you and me. This paper examines how ospf works and how it can be used to design and build large and complicated networks. This results in more efficient utilization of ip addresses. Understanding network routing protocols routerfreak. Readers will find clear explanations of routing fundamentals, such as how a router forwards packets, ip addressing, cidr classless interdomain routing, the routing table, internet routing architecture, and the two main routing technologies distance vector and linkstate algorithms. Routers can support multiple independent routing protocols and can update and maintain routing tables for each protocol independently.
This module describes the commands used to configure and monitor the open shortest path first ospf routing protocol. Unicast routing protocols for wireless ad hoc networks dr. Ability to run multiple routing protocols in the same router same prefix could be learnt via more than one routing protocol adminstrative distance is used to discriminate between multiple source. You can retake the quiz for randomly selected new questions. Routing information protocol commands autosummary rip irr3 cisco ios ip routing. Open shortest path first ospf is a one of the famous routing protocol, it is a very vast topic and this ospf quiz is covering the most important questions related to ospf, that may be ask from you in networking interview. This post will build off my last one, dmvpn, and here we will discuss the routing protocol options as well as each of their configurations. C college of engineering and technology, karaikudi630004, india1 assistant professor, department of ece, a. This tutorial explains how to configure eigrp routing protocol in cisco routers step by step with practical example in packet tracer. It uses a link state routing lsr algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols igps. Ad hoc on demand distancevector aodv routing 2 whenever routes are not used get expired discarded reduces stale routes reduces need for route maintenance minimizes number of active routes between an active source and destination can determine multiple routes between a source and a destination, but implements only a single. To re move the baseline bfd session parameters, use the no form of. Openshortestpathfirst ospf is the most widely used interior gateway protocol routing protocol on the world because it is a public nonproprietary routing protocol while its biggest rival, eigrp, is a cisco proprietary protocol so other vendors cant use it edit.
Routing information protocol commands irr2 autosummary. Rip routing information protocol ios network command. There is no address resolution protocol arp, internet control message protocol icmp or interdomain routing protocol idrp for clns, but end systemtointermediate system esis protocol provides the same kind of reporting functions for iss and ess. Add one to the hop count for each advertised destination 2. It is defined as ospf version 2 in rfc 2328 1998 for ipv4. Configure the network statement for the lan network.
Open shortest path first ospf routing protocol dummies. Use the router ospf command in global configuration mode to enable ospf on the r1 router. Routed protocols are used to transport user traffic from source node to destination node. Ospf adheres to the following link state characteristics. Names passwords interfaces motd banners ip host tables saving and erasing your con. On the other hand, bgp protocol uses path vector routing. Dynamic routing refers to the routing strategy that is being learnt by an interior or exterior routing protocol. For these steps following commands are used respectively. Performance analysis of dynamic routing protocols using. Repeat for each advertised destination if destination is not in my routing table add the destination to my table else if nexthop field is the same replace existing entry with the new advertised one. Just like with other routing protocols covered so far rip, eigrp first you need to enable ospf on a router.
You can test this in junos os simply by using the ping command. Ip routing protocolindependent commands bfd iri6 cisco ios ip routing. A number of different cisco ios ospf configuration commands are available, but at its most basic, ospf configuration uses three commands. There are two primary routing protocol types although many different routing protocols defined with those. Introduction to intermediate systemtointermediate system. The purpose of routing protocols is to learn of available routes that exist on the enterprise network, build routing tables and make routing decisions.
Open shortest path first ospf protocol configuration in router01. C college of engineering and technology, karaikudi63000, india 2. Comparison of rip, ospf and eigrp routing protocols based on. Enable ospf routing protocol from global configuration mode. Instead of configuring static routes, you can use dynamic routing protocols. Some of the most common routing protocols include rip, igrp, eigrp, ospf, isis and bgp. Junos os routing protocols overview juniper networks. The first section discusses how datagrams are forwarded from the source to the destination on a path of routers.
Routers will exchange pieces of information called lsas link state advertisement in order to build a complete topology database which we call the lsdb link state database. To fall into the protocol groups made for interior routing to operate into a single autonomous system. Routing command reference for cisco ncs 6000 series. If we imagine a group of 100 friends wanting to go to a game, then we can easily see that not all can. The router rip command places the switch in routerrip configuration mode to configure the routing.
Eigrp was developed by cisco systems as a proprietary protocol, which can be used only on cisco routers but in 20 partial functionality of eigrp was converted to an open standard. The open shortest path first ospf protocol, defined in rfc 2328, is an interior gateway protocol used to distribute routing information within a single autonomous system. Routing state dictates where to forward packets assume decisions are deterministic global routing state means collection of routing state in each of the routers will focus on where this routing state comes from but first, a few preliminaries. Protocolindependent command reference march 2011 bfd to set the baseline bidirectional forwarding detection bfd session parameters on an interface, use the bfd command in interface configuration mode. Next, you need to define on which interfaces ospf will run and what networks will be advertised. The main difference between ospf and bgp is that ospf is an intradomain routing protocol using link state routing, and the routing operation is performed inside an autonomous system while bgp is the interdomain routing protocol that uses path vector routing, with the routing operations performed between two autonomous systems. This command is executed in router configuration mode of rip, eigrp or ospf to configure the routing process to redistribute routes from a different source into the configured routing process such as static into rip or rip into ospf. Routing information learned from peers is used to determine the next hop towards the destination.
An introduction 5 rather, the road transportation network is a better. Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set. For detailed information about ospf concepts, configuration tasks, and examples, see the implementing ospf on module in the routing configuration guide for cisco ncs 6000 series routers. Rip command reference november 2009 autosummary rip to restore the default behavior of automatic summarization of subnet routes into networklevel routes.
Examples of a routed protocol are ip, ipx, and appletalk. There are broadly three types of routing protocols. The main difference here is that a linkedstate protocol does not send its routing table in the form of updates, but only shared its connectivity configuration. Performance analysis of dynamic routing protocols using packet tracer n. This tutorial explains how to configure ospf routing protocol step by step with practical example in packet tracer. This chapter examines the open shortest path first ospf protocol, one of the most commonly used interior gateway protocols in ip networking. Using ospf systems, a change to a routing table can immediately be masticated to store the information from the other host in the network. Synopsis routing is the procedure of choosing most effective tracks in a network.
Routing tutorial learn routing and routing protocols. The name can contain letters, numbers, and hyphens and can be up to 255 characters long. Through limiting the number of hop counts allowed in paths between sources and destinations, rip prevents routing. Comparison of rip, ospf and eigrp routing protocols based. Bgp pdf created with fineprint pdffactory pro trial version. Open shortest path first ospf is a routing protocol for internet protocol ip networks. Open shortest path first ospf is a linkstate routing protocol, rather than a distance vector protocol. Rip and ospf o exterior routing n routing between autonomous systems n only one exterior routing protocol is usually used for exterior routing n examples. The major difference between ospf and bgp is that the ospf is an intradomain routing protocol while bgp is the interdomain routing protocol. Open shortest path first ospf open shortest path first ospf is a standardized linkstate routing protocol, designed to scale efficiently to support larger networks. Open shortest path first ospf is a linkstate routing protocol which is used to find the best path between the source and the destination router using its own shortest path first. In every single network in ospf having a shared segment,there will be a dr and bdr.
The router ospf processid command is the beginning of any cisco ios ospf configuration. Bgp version 4 bgpv4 is the current standard deployment. Units and divisions related to nada are a part of the school of electrical engineering and computer science at kth royal institute of technology. Ospfv2 is an openstandard protocol that provides routing for ipv4. The route map configured in the defaultinformation originates command check the existing ip prefixes in the ip routing table. Ospf open shortest path first is a popular linkstate routing protocol. Connect to router01 console and use the following ios commands to configure open shortest path first ospf protocol in router01. Rip routing information protocol linux network command. Protocol and port udp port 520 ip protocol 9 ip protocol 88 ip protocol 89 tcp port 179 routing protocol comparison routing protocol comparison v1. A routed protocol is a protocol by which data can be routed. The routing protocols how routers can communicate among themselves.
Rip is an interdomain routing protocol that uses a distance vector approach to determine the paths between routers. Network protocols command reference, part 1 ospf commands use the commands in this chapter to configure and monitor the open shortest path first ospf routing protocol. You can set different process id from 165535 for each router. The second section takes a closer look at the hardware architecture of a router, and discusses. Using a routing protocol to advertise routes that are learned by some other means, such as by another routing protocol, static routes, or directly connected routes, is called redistribution. Louis 2008 raj jain computer networking and internet protocols. Ospf is perhaps the most widely used interior gateway protocol igp in large enterprise networks. Asbrs run both ospf and another routing protocol, such as rip or bgp.
The summarization in classless networks is manually controlled. Ospf reliable conditional default routing using ip sla. Rip is a standardized vector distance routing protocol and uses a form of distance as hop count metric. Border gateway protocol border gateway protocol bgp bgp is a standardized exterior gateway protocol egp, as opposed to rip, ospf, and eigrp which are interior gateway protocols igps. Apr 02, 2015 this process is however monitored by routing protocols.
Verifying and monitoring ospf configuration techlibrary. This is a basic labs regarding ospf single area configure related to ccna or icnd12 exam. Important ospf interview questions and answers with pdf to. Routing protocol process overview for ex series switches 24. Through limiting the number of hop counts allowed in paths between sources and destinations, rip prevents routing loops. Typically, the maximum number of hops allowed for rip is 15. This book is designed to provide information about troubleshooting ip routing protocols, including rip, igrp, eigrp, ospf, isis, pim, and bgp. Each ripenabled router will periodically send the content of its routing table to all its neighboring. Verifying an ospf configuration, tracing ospf protocol traffic, example. Ospf is developed by internet engineering task force ietf as one of the interior gateway protocol igp, i.
For ospf configuration information and ex amples, refer to the con figuring ospf chapter of the network protocols configuration guide, part 1. Ospf was designed expressly for ip networks and it supports ip subnetting and tagging of externally derived routing information. The routing information is circulated that enables the routers to communicate within the computer network. Written for tcpip network administrators, protocol designers, and network application developers, this book gives the most complete and practical view ever into the inner workings of internet routing. The configuration of ospf routing protocol is easy as rip routing. The following table lists the differences between ospf and eigrp. Configuration of summarization and stub areas in ospf. Isis was originally developed to route the iso address space, and thus is not limited to ip routing.
Routing protocols companion guide cisco networking academy cisco press 800 east 96th street indianapolis, indiana 46240 usa db i 12114 3. To enable a dynamic routing protocol, enter global configuration mode and use the router command. To know more about ospf condition route advertisement please read this document. Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol eigrp is an advanced dynamic routing protocol that is used for routing decisions and configuration on the routers. Unlike other protocols where you use the network command to identify networks that will be included in routing, with isis, the ip router isis command is issued on each interface for which you want to route for fastethernet 00 and fastethernet 01, as shown here router2enable password. The set of standards covers the services and protocols required to achieve such interconnection. Please refer the beginning of this lesson to view the open shortest path first ospf protocol configuration ios commands. Ospf network types ospf protocol can work in different network topologies. You enter most rip configuration commands from the rip configuration mode.
So to assist you, below we will discuss routed protocols vs routing protocols. Ospf open shortest path first ospf is a standardized linkstate routing protocol, designed to scale efficiently to support larger networks. Ospf is discussed in depth, with an examination of the rationale behind ospfs design decisions and how ospf. Ad hoc on demand distance vector aodv routing protocol. Nov 17, 2017 a routing protocol is a negotiation between two routing devices in route calculation. Section 6 presents the commands used to configure the hosts and the routers for. Ospf routes cannot be filtered from entering the ospf database. Enter a process id of 1 for the processid parameter. Examples of routed protocols are ip, ipx, and appletalk. Unlike eigrp, the wildcard mask in ospf is required. Route redistributionroutes learned via any ip routing protocol can be redistributed into any other ip routing protocol.
Configuring ip routing protocols on cisco routers page 2 of 59 file. While running a single routing protocol throughout your entire ip internetwork is desirable, multi protocol routing is common for a number of reasons, for example, company mergers, multiple departments. The open shortest path first ospf is a routing protocol for wide area networks and enterprise network. You must know the difference between a routed protocol and a routing protocol.
A comprehensive introduction raj jain professor of computer science and engineering. It uses a link state routing lsr algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols igps, operating within a single autonomous system as. An area is simply a logical grouping of contiguous networks and routers. It is preferable to employ a single routing protocol in an internetwork environment, for simplicity and ease of management. The routing operations performed inside an autonomous system is known as intradomain routing or interior. Ospf is a classless protocol, and thus supports vlsms. Ospf configuration examples zframez test protocols bit. This book describes the commands used to configure and. It is inherent to the forwarding process in the router, and it enables a router to use multiple paths to a destination when it forwards packets. Ciscos implementation of the internet protocol ip suite provides all major services contained in the tcpip specifications. Ospf employs a hierarchical network design using areas.
Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or. Isis is a classless protocol, and thus supports vlsms. Some of these network types are standard and some of them is cisco proprietary. The fundamentals of routing university of california, berkeley. Each routing policy name must be unique within a configuration. Load balancing is a standard functionality of cisco ios software that is available across all router platforms. An ospf based routing protocol for named data networking. Routers use routing table to make the forwarding decision. In classless routing protocols, subnet information is exchanged during routing updates.
These protocols have been designed to allow the exchange of routing tables, or known networks, between routers. Route redistribution allows routes from one routing protocol to be advertised into another routing protocol. Ospf is an interior gateway protocol igp developed by the ospf working group of the internet engineering task force ietf. This article lists the most important ospf features. To route traffic correctly, it is necessary to prevent malicious or incorrect routing information from getting introduced into the routing. Routing info routing info routing computation is distributed among routers within a routing domain computation of best next hop based on routing information is the most cpumemory intensive task on a router routing messages are usually not routed, but exchanged via layer 2 between physically adjacent routers internal. An ospf based routing protocol for named data networking lan wang, a k m mahmudul hoque, cheng yiy, adam alyyan, beichuan zhangy july 25, 2012 abstract named data networking ndn is a new datacentric network ar. Static routing this chapter addresses the endtoend delivery service of ip and explains how ip routers and hosts handle ip datagrams. Tip when using cisco routers, the redistribution command is often used to bring two routing protocols together. How to configure ospf routing protocol using cisco packet. The number of paths used is limited by the number of entries that the routing protocol.
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